| 1 |
How does the concept of “model as a dataset” reshape traditional data-sharing practices in medical imaging?
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3. It enables sharing of learned model weights instead of sensitive raw images. |
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| 2 |
Which analytical conclusion can be drawn about the trade-offs between physics-informed and statistical models?
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2. Physics-informed models are more interpretable but computationally intensive. |
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| 3 |
Why is “mode collapse” considered a critical problem in GAN-based medical image synthesis?
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2. It reduces image realism and variety by producing repetitive outputs. |
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| 4 |
Why are healthcare-specific metrics preferred over general-purpose metrics such as FID or SSIM?
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2. They better capture clinical accuracy and diagnostic relevance. |
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| 5 |
What does the article identify as the key tension between privacy preservation and image fidelity?
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1. Higher realism may risk reproducing identifiable patient data. |
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| 6 |
Why is the FDA’s approval of synthetic MRI technology significant for future AI-generated data?
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1. It establishes a framework for validating synthetic data equivalence in clinical use. |
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| 7 |
Which strategy would best mitigate demographic bias in generative models according to the article?
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2. Applying diversity-aware training and fairness constraints |
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| 8 |
How do DDPMs exemplify versatility in healthcare image synthesis?
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2. They can perform multiple tasks such as denoising, inpainting, and anomaly detection without retraining. |
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| 9 |
What analytical insight does the article provide about integrating AI-generated medical images into education and research?
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2. It enhances training by providing diverse, realistic datasets without ethical breaches. |
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| 10 |
Why is regional calibration essential when applying risk prediction models across countries?
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2. To adjust for population-specific incidence and lifestyle differences |
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| 11 |
What analytical conclusion can be drawn when comparing the China-PAR and Framingham models?
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2. China-PAR uses local epidemiological data, leading to improved predictive validity. |
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| 12 |
Based on CVD mortality data, what analytical inference can be made about Japan’s position compared to neighboring countries?
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1. Japan’s low CVD mortality suggests effective prevention and healthcare systems. |
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| 13 |
What analytical limitation arises when using Western-derived coefficients in East Asian models?
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2. It introduces systematic overestimation of ASCVD probability. |
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| 14 |
What policy implication can be derived from country-specific risk models?
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1. They allow for targeted national prevention programs. |
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| 15 |
If a model excludes socioeconomic variables, what analytical consequence might occur?
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2. Ignored non-biological determinants of disease |
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| 16 |
How might AI improve next-generation ASCVD risk prediction in East Asia?
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2. By integrating multimodal data, including imaging and lifestyle information |
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| 17 |
What conclusion can be drawn from comparing Mongolia’s and South Korea’s CVD mortality rates?
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1. Mortality differences reflect varying effectiveness of national prevention programs. |
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| 18 |
What is the most logical future direction for improving ASCVD models across East Asia?
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1. Establishing multinational data-sharing platforms to harmonize regional models |
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| 19 |
According to the “image generation trilemma” shown in the figure, what analytical conclusion can be drawn about the relative strengths of VAEs, GANs, and DDPMs in medical image synthesis?
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2. GANs provide a balance between image quality and diversity but may suffer from mode collapse. |
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Based on Figure, what analytical conclusion can be drawn regarding the distribution of cardiovascular disease (CVD) subtypes across East Asian countries?
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1. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) accounts for a higher proportion of CVD deaths in Japan and South Korea compared with China, suggesting regional lifestyle or prevention differences. |
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