| 1 |
What is hybrid micellar liquid chromatography primarily used for in the study?
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To detect commonly used pesticides in vegetables. |
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It is used to monitor specifically: imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, profenofos and cypermethrin contained in green leafy vegetables. |
This was based off a survey done to know how India manages pesticides. |
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| 2 |
Which pesticide was found most commonly in the vegetable samples?
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Chlorpyrifos |
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It was found in 76% of the samples tested and that was the majority. |
This information can be obtained from vegetable growers |
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| 3 |
What percentage of the vegetable samples tested were found to contain no detectable pesticides?
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16% |
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Out of all the samples 16% of them were tested negative for pesticides. |
This information was given after an experiment using hybrid micellar liquid chromatography. |
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| 4 |
Which of the following is NOT a reason for the use of hybrid micellar liquid chromatography (HMLC)?
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It requires extensive solvent use. |
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This procedure comes with many benefits. However, it was not mentioned to be requiring extensive solvent. |
This is based off the study done on how India does this procedure |
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| 5 |
What was the primary methodological change in the HMLC technique used in the study?
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Increased use of organic modifiers. |
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It includes the use of low concentration of short chain alcohol as an organic modifier which increases the use of organic modifier from before. |
This makes the method less time and financially consuming as well as reducing environmental pollution |
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| 6 |
According to the study, why might vegetable growers prefer other pesticides over Imidacloprid (ICP)?
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ICP is more expensive. |
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| 7 |
What is the major benefit of using ICP as a pesticide, according to the study?
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It is less toxic compared to many others. |
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It is considered a good alternative to other pesticides because it has less toxins. |
It is commonly used because it somewhat has a similar chemical structure and actions to nicotine but even less toxins. Therefore, it’s good for crops and the environment. |
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| 8 |
What aspect of the pesticide detection method was focused on during the method validation phase?
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| 9 |
Considering the environmental impacts discussed, why is the HMLC method considered 'green'?
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It involves less waste and uses low-toxicity solvents. |
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It saves time and money consumed by the process |
This is based off of the NEMI indication of green analytic method, GAPI and Analytical Eco-Scale. |
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| 10 |
What is the importance of the photodiode array detector in the HMLC technique used in the study?
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It detects the presence of pesticides across a spectrum of wavelengths. |
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| 11 |
What is hyperthermia commonly used to treat?
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Cancer |
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It is known to be a technique that doesn’t require the use of harmful chemicals and radiation. |
This information can be obtained from the study of different forms of tumor therapy. |
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| 12 |
Which method is used to apply heat directly to a tumor in local hyperthermia?
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Microwaves |
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It is one of the ways to perform local hyperthermia |
This is to deliver the heat to a specific small area of the body. |
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| 13 |
What is the primary benefit of using hyperthermia in cancer treatment?
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It kills cancer cells with minimal damage to normal cells. |
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It is the way of using heat to shrink or kill cancer cells |
This information is referenced in the article under the title of: lHyoerthermia in combined treatment of cancer. |
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| 14 |
Hyperthermia is often used in combination with which of the following treatments?
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Radiotherapy and chemotherapy |
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| 15 |
What is the main challenge of using hyperthermia in cancer treatment?
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Reaching and maintaining the required temperature in the target area. |
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It is hard to reach internal area with heat to kill the cancer cell as well as keeping the temperature right. |
If not able to maintain the right temperature needed for the treatment it can cause pain and burns. If the temperature is too low for the treatment it might not work. |
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| 16 |
Which type of hyperthermia involves heating a larger region or the whole body?
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Whole-body hyperthermia |
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It is used for tumors that has spread to the whole body |
This information is referenced under the title of: “Immunological and physiological responses to whole body hyperthermia” |
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| 17 |
What type of hyperthermia uses applicators inserted into or near a body cavity to deliver heat?
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Regional hyperthermia |
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| 18 |
What is a significant potential side effect of whole-body hyperthermia?
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Systemic stress affecting major organs |
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It can lead to problems relating to major organs like heart and blood vessels |
This information is based of some tare but severe cases. |
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| 19 |
Considering the physics of heat transfer, why is controlling hyperthermia challenging during treatment?
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Human tissue has varying thermal conductivities which affect heat distribution. |
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Some tissues have a higher conductivity of heat making the temperature higher around that region |
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| 20 |
Why is hyperthermia considered a beneficial adjunct to radiotherapy and chemotherapy?
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It is less invasive than surgical options. |
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