| 1 |
What is the primary function of AI in the medical imaging industry?
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To improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes |
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In the medical imaging industry, the primary function of AI is to assist radiologists and healthcare professionals. |
AI algorithms can analyze large volumes of imaging data quickly and consistently. |
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| 2 |
Which of the following is a key benefit of AI in radiology noted in the article?
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One key benefit of AI in radiology is its ability to serve as a second medical opinion by providing an additional, unbiased analysis of medical images. Detecting patterns or anomalies that might be missed by human radiologists. Supporting clinicians in making more confident and accurate diagnoses. |
AI in radiology acts as a valuable second opinion, complementing radiologists and improving diagnostic confidence. |
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| 3 |
What does AI literacy refer to according to the article?
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Understanding and knowledge of AI technology |
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AI literacy refers to a person’s understanding of how AI works, its capabilities, limitations, and implications. It involves being aware of how AI technologies are designed and applied. Recognizing ethical, social, and technical aspects of AI. Knowing how to interact with AI systems effectively and responsibly. |
AI literacy encompasses understanding the principles, applications, and ethical considerations of artificial intelligence. |
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| 4 |
Which factor is NOT listed as influencing the acceptability of AI among healthcare professionals?
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The color of the AI machines |
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The color of AI machines is purely an aesthetic detail and has no bearing on healthcare professionals’ acceptance or trust in AI technology. Acceptability is based on functional, ethical, and practical concerns, not superficial features.
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The color of the AI machines is not a factor influencing healthcare professionals’ acceptance of AI, unlike functional and trust-related factors. |
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| 5 |
What role does social influence play in AI acceptability in healthcare according to the article?
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Affects healthcare professionals’ decisions to use AI |
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According to the article, social influence plays a critical role in shaping how healthcare professionals perceive and adopt AI. |
Healthcare professionals reported that the behavior and opinions of their colleagues significantly influenced their own willingness to adopt AI systems. |
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| 6 |
What is a perceived threat regarding AI usage in healthcare settings?
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Concerns about replacing healthcare professionals |
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A major perceived threat regarding AI in healthcare is the fear among professionals that AI may replace their roles, particularly in areas like diagnostics, image interpretation, or decision-making. This concern affects how willing healthcare workers are to accept and trust AI. |
A common perceived threat to AI implementation is the fear among healthcare professionals of being replaced or made obsolete by AI technologies. |
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| 7 |
According to the article, what is essential for increasing AI acceptability among medical professionals?
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Designing human-centred AI systems |
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According to the article, increasing AI acceptability among medical professionals requires a strong focus on designing human-centred AI systems. |
AI systems that are human-centred, context-aware, and support clinical workflows are more likely to be accepted and trusted by healthcare professionals. |
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| 8 |
What does the 'system usage' category of AI acceptability factors include according to the article?
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Factors like value proposition and integration with workflows |
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System usage focuses on how the AI tool performs in practice—not just how it works technically. Tools that are hard to use or don’t align with clinical needs will likely be rejected, regardless of their accuracy. A strong value proposition builds buy-in from staff by clearly showing how AI improves outcomes or reduces workload. |
System usage factors include the AI tool’s value proposition and how seamlessly it integrates with existing clinical workflows. |
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| 9 |
How does ethicality impact AI acceptability among healthcare professionals?
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Affects views on AI based on compatibility with professional values |
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Ethicality plays a crucial role in AI acceptability among healthcare professionals by influencing how well AI systems align with their moral principles, clinical responsibilities, and professional values. If an AI tool is perceived as unethical such as compromising patient autonomy, privacy, fairness, or the doctor patient relationship, it is less likely to be trusted or adopted. |
Ethicality reflects whether AI systems align with healthcare professionals’ values, such as fairness, transparency, and respect for patient dignity key to their acceptability. |
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| 10 |
What methodological approach did the article emphasize for future AI acceptability studies?
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Considering user experience and system integration deeply |
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The article emphasizes that future studies on AI acceptability in healthcare should focus on deeply understanding the user experience and how well AI tools integrate into existing clinical workflows. |
To improve AI adoption in healthcare, future studies must go beyond performance metrics and deeply examine user experience and workflow integration. |
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| 11 |
What is the primary objective of using human embryonic stem cells in treating Parkinson’s disease?
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To replace lost dopamine neurons. |
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The primary objective of using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in treating Parkinson’s disease is to replace the dopamine-producing neurons in the brain that are progressively lost due to the disease.
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Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, a region of the brain responsible for motor control. |
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| 12 |
Which animal was used to test the STEM-PD product for safety and efficacy?
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Monkeys |
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In the development and testing of the STEM-PD product, monkeys specifically non-human primates—were used to evaluate safety and efficacy before moving to human clinical trials. |
Preclinical validation of the STEM-PD product was conducted in non-human primates to assess long-term safety and therapeutic potential. |
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| 13 |
What was the duration of the preclinical safety study in rats mentioned in the article?
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12 months |
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The safety of the STEM-PD product was evaluated in a 12-month preclinical study in rats, assessing tumorigenicity, immune response, and graft survival. |
The preclinical safety study in rats lasted 12 months, ensuring a thorough evaluation of the long-term effects of the therapy. |
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| 14 |
What is the name of the clinical trial phase mentioned for STEM-PD?
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Phase I/IIa |
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The STEM-PD clinical trial is in the Phase I/IIa stage, combining early safety and efficacy assessments. |
The STEM-PD therapy is currently being evaluated in a Phase I/IIa clinical trial to assess safety and initial efficacy in patients with Parkinson’s disease. |
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| 15 |
How is the STEM-PD product manufactured?
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Under GMP-compliant conditions |
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STEM-PD is manufactured under GMP-compliant conditions, ensuring it meets the rigorous standards necessary for safe clinical use. |
The STEM-PD product is produced under stringent GMP-compliant conditions to ensure safety and quality for clinical application. |
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| 16 |
According to the article, what confirmed the safety of the STEM-PD product in rats?
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There were no adverse effects or tumor formation. |
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The safety confirmation for STEM-PD in rats was based on no adverse effects or tumor formation observed during the study. |
Preclinical rat studies confirmed the safety of the STEM-PD product by showing no adverse effects or tumor formation over 12 months. |
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| 17 |
What key finding was noted in the efficacy study of STEM-PD in rats?
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Transplanted cells reversed motor deficits in rats. |
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The key finding from the efficacy study of the STEM-PD product in rats was that the transplanted stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons were able to reverse motor deficits caused by Parkinson’s-like damage. |
In rat models of Parkinson’s disease, transplantation of STEM-PD cells led to significant reversal of motor deficits. |
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| 18 |
What specific markers were used to assess the purity of the STEM-PD batch?
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GIRK2 and ALDH1A1 |
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The purity of the STEM-PD batch was assessed using GIRK2 and ALDH1A1 markers, which are specific to mature dopaminergic neurons relevant for Parkinson’s disease treatment. |
Purity of the STEM-PD product was confirmed by high expression of GIRK2 and ALDH1A1, markers characteristic of functional dopaminergic neurons. |
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| 19 |
What role do growth factors like FGF8b and SHH play in the manufacturing process of STEM-PD?
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They are used in cell patterning for specific neural fates. |
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Growth factors like FGF8b and SHH are used in the STEM-PD manufacturing process for cell patterning to produce specific neural fates, ensuring differentiation into dopaminergic neurons. |
FGF8b and SHH are essential morphogens used in vitro to pattern human embryonic stem cells into midbrain dopaminergic neurons for therapeutic applications. |
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| 20 |
What was a key outcome measured in the preclinical trials for efficacy in rats?
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Recovery of motor function |
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The key efficacy outcome measured in preclinical rat trials was recovery of motor function, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of STEM-PD cells. |
The primary efficacy outcome in rat models was the significant recovery of motor function following STEM-PD cell transplantation. |
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