| 1 |
What is the primary function of AI in the medical imaging industry?
|
To improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes |
|
The main goals of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical imaging sector are to increase diagnostic precision and enhance patient outcomes. Large volumes of imaging data (such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs) are used to train AI systems, especially those built on deep learning and neural networks, to identify patterns and abnormalities that may be suggestive of disease. This feature reduces human error, improves efficiency for cure, and helps radiologists and other physicians make early and accurate diagnoses. |
Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Opportunities, Applications, and Risks (Hosny et al., 2018, Nature Reviews Cancer)
The review consolidates evidence that AI-enhanced imaging workflows contribute significantly to early detection, improved diagnosis, and optimized patient management across various medical conditions. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 2 |
Which of the following is a key benefit of AI in radiology noted in the article?
|
Acts as a second medical opinion |
|
This benefit is distinct from the other options provided, as AI in radiology is not primarily aimed at increasing the need for radiologists, slowing down diagnoses, scheduling patient visits, or increasing costs. Instead, its role as a second opinion reinforces the radiologist’s expertise and helps ensure high-quality patient care. |
The Role of AI in Clinical Decision Support Systems for Radiology (Various Reviews, 2019–2021)
These reviews consistently point out that by providing an independent analysis of imaging data, AI systems act as a second opinion. This supports radiologists by either confirming their assessments or drawing attention to areas that may warrant further scrutiny, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 3 |
What does AI literacy refer to according to the article?
|
Understanding and knowledge of AI technology |
|
AI literacy refers to having a fundamental understanding of AI technology. It involves knowing how AI systems work, their capabilities and limitations, and the ethical and practical implications of using them. Rather than focusing on technical repair, legal, historical, or financial aspects, AI literacy emphasizes the importance of informed, critical engagement with AI technology. |
Building AI Literacy: A Survey of K-12 Educators (2021) in Educational Technology Research and Development
The study found that AI literacy at the educational level helps students build foundational knowledge, allowing them to understand AI's potential and risks. It also points to the need for integrating AI literacy into curricula to prepare students for future careers. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 4 |
Which factor is NOT listed as influencing the acceptability of AI among healthcare professionals?
|
The color of the AI machines |
|
The acceptability of AI among healthcare professionals is influenced by trust in AI systems, the integration of AI with existing workflows, understanding how AI works, and receptiveness to new technology. The color of AI machines is not a factor in their acceptance. Trust and seamless integration are particularly important for AI adoption in clinical settings. |
Challenges to the Adoption of AI in Healthcare: A Qualitative Study (2019) in Journal of Medical Systems
The study concludes that seamless integration into existing workflows and the understanding of AI systems are key to gaining healthcare professionals' acceptance.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 5 |
What role does social influence play in AI acceptability in healthcare according to the article?
|
Affects healthcare professionals’ decisions to use AI |
|
Social influence affects healthcare professionals' decisions to adopt and use AI by shaping their perceptions and willingness to integrate it into their practice. Factors like peer recommendations and institutional support play a significant role in encouraging or discouraging the use of AI in healthcare settings. |
Factors Influencing Healthcare Professionals' Acceptance of AI in Clinical Settings (2021) in Health Information Science and Systems
Social influence, such as encouragement from peers or support from leadership, is a major factor in healthcare professionals' decisions to use AI. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 6 |
What is a perceived threat regarding AI usage in healthcare settings?
|
Concerns about replacing healthcare professionals |
|
A perceived threat regarding AI usage in healthcare settings is the concern that AI systems could replace human healthcare professionals, particularly in roles such as diagnostics and decision-making. This fear stems from the belief that AI might eventually outpace the capabilities of healthcare workers, leading to job displacement and reduced opportunities for human involvement in patient care. However, many experts argue that AI should be viewed as a complementary tool rather than a replacement for healthcare professionals. |
AI and Healthcare Workers: The Threat of Job Displacement or Opportunity for Collaboration (2020) in Healthcare Technology Letters
While some healthcare workers expressed concerns about AI replacing jobs, others viewed it as an opportunity for collaboration and support, enhancing their ability to focus on more complex tasks and patient care. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 7 |
According to the article, what is essential for increasing AI acceptability among medical professionals?
|
Designing human-centred AI systems |
|
According to the article, one of the essential factors for increasing AI acceptability among medical professionals is designing human-centred AI systems. These systems are tailored to the needs, preferences, and workflow of healthcare professionals. When AI systems are designed with an emphasis on user experience, simplicity, and clear communication, healthcare professionals are more likely to trust and adopt them. The focus is on making AI tools that are intuitive, integrate smoothly with existing clinical practices, and support professionals in their decision-making, rather than replacing their roles. |
Human-Centered Design for Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Review (2020) in Journal of Medical Systems
The study concludes that designing AI systems with healthcare professionals in mind, ensuring usability and intuitive interfaces, leads to higher adoption rates and better integration into clinical workflows. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 8 |
What does the 'system usage' category of AI acceptability factors include according to the article?
|
Factors like value proposition and integration with workflows |
|
According to the article, the 'system usage' category of AI acceptability factors includes practical elements such as the value proposition of the AI system (how it benefits the healthcare professional or organization) and its integration with existing workflows. These factors are crucial in determining whether healthcare professionals will adopt and effectively use AI systems. If the AI tool enhances their ability to perform tasks, integrates smoothly with their existing processes, and provides clear value, it is more likely to be accepted and utilized. |
Factors Influencing the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Systematic Review (2021) in International Journal of Medical Informatics
The research stresses the importance of seamless integration and the clear value AI systems provide in enhancing healthcare professionals’ productivity and patient outcomes. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 9 |
How does ethicality impact AI acceptability among healthcare professionals?
|
Affects views on AI based on compatibility with professional values |
|
Ethicality plays a crucial role in AI acceptability among healthcare professionals because it influences how the technology aligns with their professional values and ethical standards. Healthcare workers are more likely to accept AI systems that respect patient privacy, support fair decision-making, and align with established medical ethics. If an AI system is perceived as compromising these ethical standards, it may be rejected, regardless of its technical performance or cost. Ethical concerns such as bias, transparency, and accountability are significant factors in determining whether healthcare professionals trust and use AI in their practice. |
Trust, Ethics, and Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Systematic Review (2021) in Health Information Science and Systems
Ethical concerns, such as fairness, accountability, and the potential for bias in AI algorithms, significantly influence healthcare professionals' trust and acceptance of AI tools. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 10 |
What methodological approach did the article emphasize for future AI acceptability studies?
|
Considering user experience and system integration deeply |
|
The article emphasizes the importance of focusing on user experience and system integration when studying the acceptability of AI in healthcare. Future studies should not only assess the technical performance of AI systems but also examine how they fit into healthcare professionals' workflows, their ease of use, and how well they align with the needs of users. By deeply considering these aspects, AI systems can be better tailored to meet the requirements of healthcare workers and improve adoption and effectiveness in clinical settings. |
Factors Influencing the Acceptance of AI in Healthcare: The Role of System Integration and User Experience (2021) in Healthcare Technology Letters
The study found that successful integration of AI tools into existing clinical workflows and a positive user experience significantly impact AI adoption rates. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 11 |
What is the primary objective of using human embryonic stem cells in treating Parkinson’s disease?
|
To replace lost dopamine neurons. |
|
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the brain, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity. By differentiating ESCs into dopamine-producing neurons and transplanting them into the patient's brain, researchers aim to restore dopamine levels, thereby alleviating these symptoms. |
Stem Cell Research and Parkinson's Disease (2021) by the Michael J. Fox Foundation
This article discusses how stem cells are utilized to create new dopamine-producing cells, which can be used to study Parkinson's disease, test potential treatments, and possibly replace lost neurons in the brain, easing motor symptoms. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 12 |
Which animal was used to test the STEM-PD product for safety and efficacy?
|
Rats |
|
The STEM-PD product underwent preclinical testing primarily in rats. A 39-week rat safety study assessed toxicity, tumorigenicity, and biodistribution, revealing no adverse effects. Additionally, a non-GLP efficacy study in rats demonstrated that transplanted cells facilitated full functional recovery in a pre-clinical rat model of Parkinson's disease. |
These findings indicate that rats were the main animal model used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the STEM-PD product before clinical trials. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 13 |
What was the duration of the preclinical safety study in rats mentioned in the article?
|
9 months |
|
A 39-week ( 9 months) rat safety study was conducted to evaluate toxicity, tumorigenicity, and biodistribution. The results indicated no adverse effects, suggesting the product's safety for clinical use. |
Preclinical quality, safety, and efficacy of a human embryonic stem cell-derived product for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, STEM-PD.
The study presents data supporting the first-in-human STEM-PD phase I/IIa clinical trial, including quality, safety, and efficacy assessments. |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 14 |
What is the name of the clinical trial phase mentioned for STEM-PD?
|
Phase I/IIa |
|
This designation indicates that the trial is designed to assess both the safety (Phase I) and preliminary efficacy (Phase IIa) of the investigational therapy. In the case of STEM-PD, the trial involves transplanting dopamine-producing brain cells derived from stem cells into individuals with Parkinson's disease to evaluate the therapy's safety and initial effectiveness |
https://www.stemcellcenter.lu.se |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 15 |
How is the STEM-PD product manufactured?
|
Under GMP-compliant conditions |
|
. |
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 16 |
According to the article, what confirmed the safety of the STEM-PD product in rats?
|
There were no adverse effects or tumor formation. |
|
In the preclinical safety study of the STEM-PD product in rats, no adverse effects or tumor formation were observed. The study assessed toxicity, tumorigenicity, and biodistribution, confirming the product's safety for clinical use. |
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37802036/ |
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 17 |
What key finding was noted in the efficacy study of STEM-PD in rats?
|
Transplanted cells reversed motor deficits in rats. |
|
In the efficacy study of the STEM-PD product in rats, transplanted cells facilitated full functional recovery in a pre-clinical rat model of Parkinson's disease. |
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 18 |
What specific markers were used to assess the purity of the STEM-PD batch?
|
SOX1 and PAX6 |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 19 |
What role do growth factors like FGF8b and SHH play in the manufacturing process of STEM-PD?
|
They prevent differentiation. |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 20 |
What was a key outcome measured in the preclinical trials for efficacy in rats?
|
Increase in lifespan |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|