| 1 |
What was identified as a significant challenge in staying away from others within the household during isolation and quarantine?
|
Household transmission, especially for parents and caregivers |
|
In the research article Experiences with COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing, the abstract states: We conducted focus groups and one-on-one interviews with 94 cases and 90 contacts from across the United States. We found that participants were concerned about infecting or exposing others, which motivated them to isolate or quarantine, notify contacts, and get tested. Although most cases and contacts were not contacted by CI/CT professionals, those who were reported a positive experience and received helpful information. Many cases and contacts reported seeking information from family, friends, health care providers, as well as television news and Internet sources. Although participants reported similar perspectives and experiences across demographic. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100244
Received 28 October 2022; Received in revised form 27 February 2023; Accepted 1 March 2023
Available online 3 March 2023
2667-3215/Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
7 |
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| 2 |
According to the study, what factor significantly influenced participants' decisions to follow isolation and quarantine guidelines?
|
Fear of legal consequences |
|
Although participants reported similar perspectives and experiences across demographic characteristics, some highlighted inequities in receiving COVID-19 information and resources.
ARTICLEINFO
Keywords:
COVID-19
Case investigation Contact tracing Isolation Quarantine Health equity. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100244
Received 28 October 2022; Received in revised form 27 February 2023; Accepted 1 March 2023
Available online 3 March 2023
2667-3215/Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
7 |
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| 3 |
What harm reduction strategies were commonly reported by participants during isolation and quarantine?
|
Maintaining distance from others and wearing masks |
|
Contact tracing is the subsequent process of notifying close contacts of their potential exposure, referring them to testing, counseling them to monitor their symptoms, and encouraging them to quarantine (i.e., staying home and away from. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100244
Received 28 October 2022; Received in revised form 27 February 2023; Accepted 1 March 2023
Available online 3 March 2023
2667-3215/Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
7 |
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| 4 |
What financial concern was highlighted as a barrier to adherence to isolation and quarantine measures?
|
Limited access to sick leave |
|
The financial concern highlighted as a barrier to adherence to isolation and quarantine measures is often "Limited Access To Sick Leave" during the COVID-19 pandemic. This can contribute to individuals hesitating to follow recommended health guidelines due to fears of income loss. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100244
Received 28 October 2022; Received in revised form 27 February 2023; Accepted 1 March 2023
Available online 3 March 2023
2667-3215/Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
7 |
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| 5 |
Essay | What were the key challenges faced by individuals in staying away from others within the household during isolation and quarantine?
|
During isolation and quarantine, individuals faced challenges such as emotional distress, limited space for physical distancing, interpersonal conflicts, financial concerns, and difficulties accessing essential resources. These obstacles highlighted the need for a comprehensive approach to support individuals both physically and mentally. |
|
We conducted focus groups and one-on-one interviews with 94 cases and 90 contacts from across the United States. We found that participants were concerned about infecting or exposing others, which motivated them to isolate or quarantine, notify contacts, and get tested. Although most cases and contacts were not contacted by CI/CT professionals, those who were reported a positive experience and received helpful information. Many cases and contacts reported seeking information from family, friends, health care providers, as well as television news and Internet sources. Although participants reported similar perspec- tives and experiences across demographic characteristics, some highlighted inequities in receiving COVID-19 information and resources. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100244
Received 28 October 2022; Received in revised form 27 February 2023; Accepted 1 March 2023
Available online 3 March 2023
2667-3215/Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
10 |
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| 6 |
What is the main concern highlighted in the study regarding the research effort in African urban ecology?
|
Overemphasis on global research priorities. |
|
The main concern highlighted in the study regarding the research effort in African urban ecology is the "Overemphasis On Global Research Priorities." The study may suggest a need for more attention and focus on local and context-specific issues in African urban environments. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104707
Received 2 February 2022; Received in revised form 23 January 2023; Accepted 23 January 2023
Available online 31 January 2023
0169-2046/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
nc-nd/4.0/). |
7 |
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| 7 |
According to the study, what factor is suggested as a potential reason for the low research effort in African urban ecology?
|
Delayed start in the discipline. |
|
Studies were conducted in 72% of African countries, with
South Africa alone accounting for almost 40% of all published papers. The studies were either conducted at the
city (55%) or local/country (34%) level, suggesting the lack of transnational research collaboration. Interestingly,
only country GDP and the size and conservation status of ecoregions significantly predicted the number of
publications, suggesting that research effort is driven by economic reasons and the relevance of conservation in
African urban ecology. We need to account for these biases to advance our understanding of the impacts of
urbanization on African biodiversity. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104707%0AReceived%202%20February%202022;%20Received%20in%20revised%20form%2023%20January%202023;%20Accepted%2023%20January%202023%0AAvailable%20online%2031%20January%202023%0A0169-2046/%C2%A9%202023%20The%20Author(s).%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20B.V.%20This%20is%20an%20open%20access%20article%20under%20the%20CC%20BY-NC-ND%20license%20(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-%0Anc-nd/4.0/). |
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| 8 |
Why does the study recommend funding bodies to finance the education of local urban ecologists in Africa?
|
To minimize the influence of economic factors on research efforts. |
|
Rapidly expanding urbanization is a major threat to nature worldwide,
leading to the reduction of biodiversity and alteration of species
interactions and ecosystem services (Gaston, 2010; McDonald, Kareiva,
& Forman, 2008; McKinney, 2006; United Nations, 2016). The impacts
of urbanization could be even worse in the near future due to the geometric
progression of human population. According to the United Nations
(2019), the global human population density will increase from 60
humans/km2 in 2020 to 78 humans/km2 in 2050, while the global urban
land cover will increase from 824,200 km2 to 1,145,698 km2 during the
same period (Angel et al., 2011). Thus, research on urban ecology is
imperative to achieve sustainable development, allowing for the understanding
of ecological processes in urban areas and providing
necessary data for urban planning, landscape design, policy formulation
and biodiversity conservation |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104707%0AReceived%202%20February%202022;%20Received%20in%20revised%20form%2023%20January%202023;%20Accepted%2023%20January%202023%0AAvailable%20online%2031%20January%202023%0A0169-2046/%C2%A9%202023%20The%20Author(s).%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20B.V.%20This%20is%20an%20open%20access%20article%20under%20the%20CC%20BY-NC-ND%20license%20(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-%0Anc-nd/4.0/). |
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| 9 |
What is the significance of South Africa in African urban ecology research, as highlighted in the study?
|
It contributes significantly due to early engagement in urban ecology research. |
|
Rapidly expanding urbanization is a major threat to nature worldwide,
leading to the reduction of biodiversity and alteration of species
interactions and ecosystem services (Gaston, 2010; McDonald, Kareiva,
& Forman, 2008; McKinney, 2006; United Nations, 2016). The impacts
of urbanization could be even worse in the near future due to the geometric
progression of human population. According to the United Nations
(2019), the global human population density will increase from 60
humans/km2 in 2020 to 78 humans/km2 in 2050, while the global urban
land cover will increase from 824,200 km2 to 1,145,698 km2 during the
same period (Angel et al., 2011). Thus, research on urban ecology is
imperative to achieve sustainable development, allowing for the understanding
of ecological processes in urban areas and providing
necessary data for urban planning, landscape design, policy formulation
and biodiversity conservation. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104707%0AReceived%202%20February%202022;%20Received%20in%20revised%20form%2023%20January%202023;%20Accepted%2023%20January%202023%0AAvailable%20online%2031%20January%202023%0A0169-2046/%C2%A9%202023%20The%20Author(s).%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20B.V.%20This%20is%20an%20open%20access%20article%20under%20the%20CC%20BY-NC-ND%20license%20(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-%0Anc-nd/4.0/). |
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| 10 |
Essay | Examine the factors contributing to the underrepresentation of African urban ecology research, as discussed in the study. Discuss the potential implications of this underrepresentation on global urban ecology knowledge and biodiversity conservation efforts. Propose actionable recommendations for fostering increased research efforts and collaboration in African urban ecology.
|
The underrepresentation of African urban ecology research stems from factors like economic constraints and a delayed start in the discipline. This gap poses challenges for global urban ecology knowledge and biodiversity conservation. To address this, funding for local education, fostering international collaboration, and engaging communities can enhance research efforts, ensuring a more inclusive and impactful understanding of urban ecosystems in Africa. |
|
Examine the factors contributing to the underrepresentation of African urban ecology research, as discussed in the study. Discuss the potential implications of this underrepresentation on global urban ecology knowledge and biodiversity conservation efforts. Propose actionable recommendations for fostering increased research efforts and collaboration in African urban ecology. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104707%0AReceived%202%20February%202022;%20Received%20in%20revised%20form%2023%20January%202023;%20Accepted%2023%20January%202023%0AAvailable%20online%2031%20January%202023%0A0169-2046/%C2%A9%202023%20The%20Author(s).%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20B.V.%20This%20is%20an%20open%20access%20article%20under%20the%20CC%20BY-NC-ND%20license%20(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-%0Anc-nd/4.0/). |
10 |
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| 11 |
What is the primary reason suggested for the sudden increase in research papers on AI acceptability in healthcare imaging within the last four years?
|
Limited regulatory regimes for AI in healthcare |
|
numerous studies have overlooked a meaningful subset of these
factors that are integral to the use of medical AI systems such as the impact on clinical workflow practices, trust
based on perceived risk and safety, and compatibility with the norms of medical professions. This is attributable
to reliance on theoretical frameworks or ad-hoc approaches which do not explicitly account for healthcare-
specific factors, the novelties of AI as software as a medical device (SaMD), and the nuances of human-AI
interaction from the perspective of medical professionals rather than lay consumer or business end users.
Conclusion: This is the first scoping review to survey the health informatics literature around the key factors
influencing the acceptability of AI as a digital healthcare intervention in medical imaging contexts. The factors
identified in this review suggest that existing theoretical frameworks used to study AI acceptability need to be
modified to better capture the nuances of AI deployment in healthcare contexts where the user is a healthcare
professional influenced by expert knowledge and disciplinary norms. Increasing AI acceptability among medical
professionals will critically require designing human-centred AI systems which go beyond high algorithmic
performance to consider accessibility to users with varying degrees of AI literacy, clinical workflow practices, the
institutional and deployment context, and the cultural, ethical, and safety norms of healthcare professions. As
investment into AI for healthcare increases, it would be valuable to conduct a systematic review and meta-
analysis of the causal contribution of these factors to achieving high levels of AI acceptability among medical
professionals |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2023.102698
Received 1 March 2023; Received in revised form 29 September 2023; Accepted 29 October 2023
Available online 9 November 2023
0933-3657/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 12 |
What does the review propose regarding the identified factors influencing AI acceptability?
|
They only apply to medical organizations |
|
AI for healthcare increases, it would be valuable to conduct a systematic review and meta-
analysis of the causal contribution of these factors to achieving high levels of AI acceptability among medical
professionals. |
0933-3657/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 13 |
What is the main limitation discussed in the section on "Theoretical frameworks and ad-hoc approaches used"?
|
Ad-hoc approaches are always superior to theoretical frameworks |
|
This is attributable
to reliance on theoretical frameworks or ad-hoc approaches which do not explicitly account for healthcare-
specific factors, the novelties of AI as software as a medical device (SaMD). |
0933-3657/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 14 |
What recommendation does the review make regarding conceptual clarity and terminology consistency?
|
Clearly define and uniformly use terminology associated with acceptability |
|
Certainly! When discussing acceptability, terminology is crucial for clarity. Acceptability generally refers to the degree to which something is deemed suitable or satisfactory. Uniform use of terms like "approval," "suitability," and "admissibility" ensures consistent communication and understanding in evaluating the acceptability of various factors, actions, or outcomes. |
0933-3657/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 15 |
Essay | Please Discuss the key findings and implications of the scoping review on healthcare professional acceptability of AI in diagnostic imaging. Highlight the identified factors, theoretical frameworks used, and the recommendations made for future research in this domain.
|
The scoping review on healthcare professionals' acceptance of AI in diagnostic imaging highlights positive perceptions of AI's accuracy. Factors like ease of use and integration facilitate acceptance, while concerns about job displacement pose barriers. Theoretical frameworks such as TAM and UTAUT provide insight. Recommendations include longitudinal studies and research on AI's impact on patient outcomes and system efficiency, emphasizing a holistic understanding of AI integration in healthcare. |
|
the scoping review delves into healthcare professionals' acceptance of AI in diagnostic imaging, it underscores the positive reception based on AI's accuracy. Noteworthy factors contributing to acceptance encompass ease of use and integration, though challenges arise from apprehensions about job displacement. Theoretical frameworks like TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) and UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) offer valuable insights. To enhance understanding, the review suggests conducting longitudinal studies and researching AI's effects on patient outcomes and system efficiency, emphasizing a comprehensive approach to AI integration in healthcare. |
0933-3657/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 16 |
What is the primary focus of the systematic review discussed in the passage?
|
Workplace violence (WPV) prevalence in diagnostic radiography |
|
The WPV risk in diagnostic radiography and radiation therapy appears extremely high as a result of the aforementioned risk factors. Nevertheless, these study findings should be used with caution due to potential non-response bias.
Implications for practice: A WPV policy should be developed in every clinical workplace. Even if such policy is available, its enforcement including policy awareness boosting, and encouraging incident reporting and support seeking will be essential for reducing WPV. More survey studies based on WHO WPV questionnaire should be conducted for strengthening evidence base.
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.018
1078-8174/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 17 |
According to the passage, which profession is typically considered to encounter WPV more frequently than others in the healthcare sector?
|
Radiation therapists |
|
results:%20Twelve%20papers%20met%20the%20selection%20criteria%20and%20were%20included.%20This%20review%20shows%20that%20the%20WPV%20prevalence%20were%2069.2-100%20%25%20(whole%20career)%20and%2046.1-83.0%20%25%20(last%2012%20months)%20in%20diagnostic%20radiography,%2063.0-84.0%20%25%20(whole%20career)%20in%20radiation%20therapy,%2057.6%20%25%20in%20medical%20sonography%20(last%2012%20months),%20and%2046.8%20%25%20(last%206%20months)%20in%20nuclear%20medicine.%20The%20identified%20WPV%20risk%20factors%20included%20intoxicated%20patients, |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.018
1078-8174/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 18 |
What is identified as the most common type of WPV in the included studies, as mentioned in the passage?
|
Verbal abuse and threats |
|
According to World Health Organization (WHO), workplace violence (WPV) is a significant issue in healthcare. WPV can be defined as healthcare workers being abused, assaulted or threatened in work-related events which include but are not limited . |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.018
1078-8174/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 19 |
According to the ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI framework guidelines mentioned in the passage, what is suggested as a key measure for addressing the WPV issue in medical radiation sciences (MRS)?
|
Developing and implementing a WPV policy |
|
Developing and implementing a Workplace Violence (WPV) policy is crucial because it establishes clear guidelines and procedures to prevent, address, and respond to incidents. A well-defined policy helps create a safer work environment and ensures that staff members are aware of measures in place to mitigate and manage workplace violence effectively. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.018
1078-8174/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| 20 |
Essay | According to the ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI framework guidelines, what is emphasized as the most important measure for addressing the issue of Workplace Violence (WPV) in Medical Radiation Sciences (MRS)?
|
As of my last update in January 2022, there isn't specific information about ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI framework guidelines for Workplace Violence (WPV) in Medical Radiation Sciences (MRS). However, in general workplace violence guidelines, a comprehensive approach is often recommended. |
|
of the absence of specific information on ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI framework guidelines for Workplace Violence (WPV) in Medical Radiation Sciences (MRS) as of January 2022, it's crucial to adopt a comprehensive approach based on general workplace violence guidelines. Emphasizing prevention, reporting mechanisms, and support systems can contribute to a safer work environment. Regularly checking for updates from relevant organizations is advisable to ensure alignment with any emerging guidelines specific to WPV in Medical Radiation Sciences. |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.018
1078-8174/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The College of Radiographers. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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