| 1 |
What is the primary purpose of applying environmental adaptation engineering in agriculture?
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2. To recycle and reuse agricultural waste sustainably |
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2 is chosen because, as the question suggests, it concerns with adapting to the environment--using wastes in ways that also benefit the environment in the long term while other choices only focus on artificially fix things in short-term (Unsustainable)
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As the agricultural sector expands, the amount of waste also increase. So we must adapt our way to sustain the environment, not to make it worse with things like chemical dependency, short-term yield improvements, or replacing nature altogether, thus, our primary purpose is to recycle the waste, making sustainability possible.
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| 2 |
Which method best exemplifies waste-to-resource conversion in sustainable farming?
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2. Anaerobic digestion to produce bioenergy |
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2 fits the question of conversion as it actually concerns with turning waste to resource (waste to bioenergy). The rest are either unrelated or unstainable.
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according to the resource "Sustainable agriculture through environmental adaptation engineering for waste management", Anaerobic Digestion is a method to purify wastewater using microrganisms, which also produce useful biofuel that can be used as energy sources.
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| 3 |
What is the key feature of ecosystem-based engineering in sustainable agriculture?
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2. Maintaining closed nutrient and water cycles |
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The key feature of ecosystem-based engineering is that you are intervening into a system of organisms and nature, usually because there is a natural problem within it. One of it might be about nutrient and water cycle within the system, which you want to maintain varefully, not maximising efficiency or create an artificial dependency.
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For ecosystem-based engineering, the goal is not necessarily to make profits or efficiency but simply maintaining the way it sustains itself to preserve whatever is in the ecosystem. And one of those things you must maintain is the cycle of nutrient and water in the ecosystem while assuming no external factor is at play.
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| 4 |
Why is agricultural waste considered a valuable resource in sustainable systems?
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1. It can be used to produce renewable energy and organic fertilizers |
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1 corresponds to the question appropriately while the other choices are benficially one-sided and not at all positive in the long run
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Agricultural waste is indeed very useful for recycling because it is diverse and can be used in various ways such as converting it into biofuel, decomposed for fertiliser, and used for animal feeds, as seen in the resource "Sustainable agriculture through environmental adaptation engineering for waste management"
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| 5 |
How does environmental adaptation engineering support water sustainability in agriculture?
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2. By optimizing water reuse and retention |
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It supports water sustainability by finding ways to reuse and retent water after use. Which other choices don't concern with.
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| 6 |
Which indicator best reflects improved sustainability through adaptive engineering?
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2. Reduced greenhouse gas emissions |
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if sustainability has improved, most of the choices are the things it has solved, not what happens if it improved, because those are the signs that the opposite (Sustainability has worsened) actually happens.
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Greenhouse gas emission is one of the most apparent signals that show how we are dealing with wastes, if we manage to implement adaptive engineering effectively, the waste doesn't simply burn off into excessive greenhouse gases.
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| 7 |
Which technology integration supports adaptive agricultural systems?
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1. Smart sensors for waste and moisture monitoring |
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Smart sensors are inheritly adaptive since they have built-in ways to track how things go.
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Adaptive agricultural systems imply that the technology used for managing waste is capable of monitoring and adapting. Other technologies in this question don't have that capability.
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| 8 |
What policy approach enhances sustainable waste management in agriculture?
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1. Encouraging circular economy models |
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Aside from 1, the choices do not, in any way, enhance sustainability. Supports must be given equally, Materials should be reusable, Waste should be properly managed.
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circular economy is a model of production and consumption that aims to minimise waste, this makes it an ideal policy to increase sustainability in agriculture.
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| 9 |
Which of the following best summarizes the overall benefit of adaptive waste management systems?
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3. Enhanced environmental resilience and productivity |
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| 10 |
What distinguishes shape memory hydrogels from conventional hydrogels?
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2. Their capacity to recover pre-defined shapes after deformation |
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'shape memory' basically means the ability to retain its physical configuration, which is on the choice 2.
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Shape memory hydrogels are as the name implies--hydrogel techonology that is capable of 'remembering' a set physical shape. The property makes it stand out from conventional hydrogels because the latter is rigid.
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| 11 |
Which stimulus commonly triggers the shape recovery of SMHs?
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2. Temperature or pH change |
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SMH triggers on a lot of stimuli, not exclusively magnetic field or UV, vibration and electric current are plausible but temperature and pH change is the most common.
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Unlike the earlier technology of SMAs, which is rigid and responds to only temperature change, SMHs are more versatile as they responds to a wide range of stimuli such as pH, temperature, and light.
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| 12 |
What is the primary advantage of using SMHs in tissue engineering?
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2. Controlled shape recovery supporting cell growth and scaffolding |
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| 13 |
Which property is most critical for biocompatibility of SMHs?
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1. Chemical inertness and non-toxicity |
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| 14 |
What remains a major challenge in SMH fabrication for medical use?
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1. Achieving tunable mechanical strength and biodegradability |
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| 15 |
Which future direction is emphasized for SMH development?
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1. Integrating multifunctional stimuli-responsiveness |
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| 16 |
Why are SMHs suitable for cell culture applications?
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1. They offer dynamic structures that mimic extracellular matrices |
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| 17 |
How do SMHs contribute to smart biomedical systems?
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1. By providing shape adaptability for implants and drug delivery |
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| 18 |
Why are biodegradable SMHs considered a sustainable option in tissue engineering?
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1. They reduce long-term waste accumulation in the body |
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| 19 |
Based on the figure showing the contribution of agricultural sources to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which strategy would most effectively reduce overall emissions while maintaining sustainable productivity?
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2. Improving manure management and promoting biogas recovery systems |
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| 20 |
According to the figure illustrating biochemical, chemical, and physical stimuli affecting SMHs, which integrated approach would most enhance their performance in tissue engineering applications such as bone regeneration or artificial skin?
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2. Combining multi-stimuli responsiveness, such as temperature and pH, for precise control of shape recovery and biocompatibility |
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