| 1 |
What is the primary goal of using multimodal transportation in logistics as per the discussed research?
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To minimize transportation costs and risks while delivering on time. |
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https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/multimodal-transportation/
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With intermodal and multimodal transport, the synchronization of various modes, meeting deadlines becomes more achievable.
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| 2 |
Which method is primarily used for decision-making in multimodal transportation route selection?
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A combination of AHP and ZOGP. |
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957417420310290
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To fill in knowledge gaps related to the current study, the new decision-making framework integrating FRAM − DEA, FAHP, and ZOGP is presented to select the most appropriate route in multimodal transportation networks.
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| 3 |
According to the case study, what is the primary commodity considered for transportation?
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Coal. |
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| 4 |
What is the role of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the multimodal transportation decision support model?
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To establish weights for different criteria based on expert judgment. |
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092552731100082X
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Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which can help to bring consistency weight whose decision criteria – both quantitative and qualitative – are expressed in subjective measures according to the point of view of users. The quantitative factors are found by multimodal transport cost model and qualitative factors by using factor analysis.
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| 5 |
Which risk is NOT considered in the list of risks assessed for multimodal transportation route selection?
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Health risk. |
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| 6 |
What does ZOGP stand for, and what is its role in the model?
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Zero-One Goal Programming - It's used to solve the optimal route selection problem. |
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092552731100082X
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Zero-One Goal Programming (ZOGP) which can integrate weights from the AHP to achieve an optimal multimodal transportation routing based upon user constraints.
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| 7 |
Which of the following is NOT a mode of transport discussed in the multimodal transportation case study?
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All are discussed. |
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https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/multimodal-transportation/
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MAIN MODES OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION
ROAD TRANSPORTATION
RAIL TRANSPORTATION
MARITIME TRANSPORTATION
AIR TRANSPORTATION
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| 8 |
In the context of the AHP used in the study, what does a consistency ratio (CR) less than 0.1 indicate?
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The judgments are sufficiently consistent. |
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215016125001876
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Saaty set the maximum CR threshold value at 0.1 (or 10%), which means that a value of CR≤0.1 is accepted as indicating a reasonable level of consistency, ...
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| 9 |
What is the primary purpose of sensitivity analysis in the context of the ZOGP model used in the study?
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To increase the speed of the computational process. |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_analysis
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Sensitivity analysis is the study of how the uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system (numerical or otherwise) can be divided and allocated to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs.
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| 10 |
Which of the following best describes the role of multimodal transportation in global trade according to the study?
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It is essential for making local industry and international trade more efficient and competitive. |
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https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/multimodal-transportation/
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Multimodal transportation brings myriad benefits to the table, transforming supply chains and optimizing business operations. These advantages aren’t just theoretical; they have real-world impacts, enhancing supply chain efficiency and overall business performance. According to the American Public Transportation Association, the average American could save $13,000 a year by utilizing public transit alternatives to personal vehicles, highlighting the broader socioeconomic impacts of multimodal transport systems.
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| 11 |
What is the main natural cause of landslides along the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway?
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Prolonged precipitation |
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https://www.downtoearth.org.in/environment/why-jammu-srinagar-national-highway-is-so-landslide-prone-69763
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Steep slopes — from the hill cutting —gradually widen fractures on the hills. Water is accumulated in these fractures, resulting in landslides.
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| 12 |
According to the article, what technology is used to assess landslide-prone areas along the highway?
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Remote sensing and ARIMA modeling |
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https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7094/5/1/19#:~:text=A%20variety%20of%20methods%20have,tools%20to%20improve%20slope%20classification.
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A variety of methods have been developed to address the challenges of slope instability monitoring, including GIS mapping, remote sensing, LiDAR technology, and machine learning.
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| 13 |
What is the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and underground water level mentioned in the study?
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LST decreases as underground water level increases |
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352172297_Effect_of_Groundwater_Level_on_Soil_Moisture_Soil_Temperature_and_Surface_Temperature
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The study indicates that there is a negative correlation between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and groundwater level. Specifically, higher LST is generally associated with lower groundwater levels, and vice versa.
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| 14 |
How is the threshold value for landslide triggering determined as per the study?
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Based solely on theoretical analysis |
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https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-024-06941-2#:~:text=A%20rainfall%20threshold%20for%20landslide,2007).
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Landslide-triggering rainfall thresholds are typically determined using statistical analysis of historical rainfall and landslide data.
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| 15 |
If the mean monthly rainfall in April is 150 mm and it increases by 20% in May, what is the mean monthly rainfall in May?
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180 mm |
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Answer by using the mean rainfall multiply by the percentage increase in the form of fraction.
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150 x (120/100) =180
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| 16 |
Given that the slope angle in a studied section is 45 degrees and the friction angle (phi) is 11 degrees, what is the ratio of friction angle to slope angle?
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0.24 |
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Divide the friction angle by the slope angle.
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11/45 =0.244 approximate to 0.24
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| 17 |
If the specific gravity of soil is 2.74 and the natural density is 1.69 kg/cm³, what is the approximate weight of 1 cubic meter of soil?
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1690 kg |
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| 18 |
Assuming that the direct shear of soil is 0.05 kg/cm², how much shear force is exerted on a 10 cm x 10 cm area?
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5 kg |
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Shear force = direct shear * area
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Shear force = 0.05 kg/cm2 * (10*10) cm2 = 5 kg
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| 19 |
If the rate of land surface temperature change is 0.1°C per year starting at 24.94°C in 2020, what will be the LST in 2024?
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25.34°C |
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Add 0.1 4 times to the land surface temperature.
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24.94 + (0.1*4)=25.34
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| 20 |
What method does the study use to forecast future landslides?
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ARIMA and SPSS Forecasting Model |
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https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/forecasting-landslides-from-space#:~:text=Satellite%20radar%20images%20have%20long,destroying%20everything%20in%20their%20paths.
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https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/forecasting-landslides-from-space#:~:text=Satellite%20radar%20images%20have%20long,destroying%20everything%20in%20their%20paths.
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