| 1 |
What is the primary goal of contact tracing in public health?
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To monitor disease incidence and prevalence |
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It will prevent contagious disease from spreading.
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The goal of contact tracing in public health is to identify, notify, and monitor individuals who have been exposed to a contagious disease to prevent further spreading.
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| 2 |
During the COVID-19 pandemic, what was one main reason people were motivated to isolate themselves after testing positive?
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To avoid infecting others, particularly vulnerable populations |
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They don't want to infect other, because people might avoid meeting or talking with them.
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They concern about infecting or exposing others, especially family members, friends, and coworkers.
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| 3 |
What method was commonly used for focus group discussions in the study on COVID-19 contact tracing?
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Virtual, synchronous meetings |
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We still need to work or study, despite the pandemic has already started.
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This allows us to safely engage participants from different places during the pandemic due to health and safety concerns.
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| 4 |
What factor did NOT influence the success of case investigation and contact tracing according to the article?
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Political ideology of the participants |
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We might have same perspective, but it doesn't affect CI/CT.
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The similarity in perspectives across demographics was observed but was not a key factor affecting the effectiveness of CI/CT
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| 5 |
Which demographic factor was reported to affect the experiences and behaviors of individuals regarding CI/CT?
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Political ideology |
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People trust in public health guidance, and willing to cooperate with CI/CT.
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Political ideology was one of the factors that could influence how people responded to CI/CT efforts.
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| 6 |
What did participants report feeling after learning they were exposed to COVID-19?
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Worry about their health and that of their contacts |
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They worry about health, relationship, and finance.
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They worry about potentially infecting others, especially vulnerable family members or coworkers. And they also worry about their own health.
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7 |
-.50
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| 7 |
What was a common source of information for participants when they learned about their COVID-19 status?
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Family, friends, and healthcare providers |
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If they were not contacted by CI/CT professionals, they will learn from there close people.
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Many participants reported relying on personal networks and media to understand what steps to take.
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7 |
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| 8 |
Which of the following was NOT a method for collecting data in the study described?
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Direct observations in homes |
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The research doesn't use direct observation in homes.
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The research relied on interviews and focus groups, not mention of direct observational methods.
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| 9 |
What ethical considerations were emphasized during the focus group discussions?
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Ensuring privacy and voluntary participation |
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They protect participants’ identities and sensitive health information.
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Participant's private information can't be spreading all over for sale or auction. They have their privacy and rights to protect.
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| 10 |
How did the availability of self-tests in 2021 impact the public health response to COVID-19?
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It decreased the accuracy of tests |
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They relied on their thoughts, so the tests won't be accurate.
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With more self-testing, people increasingly relied on their personal judgment for guidance rather than direct public health communication.
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| 11 |
What is urban ecology primarily concerned with?
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The interactions between urban environments and ecosystems |
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They concern about environment and ecosystem around people.
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It focuses on how ecosystems function within cities, the relationships between people, plants, animals, and built environments.
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| 12 |
Which continent is noted as rapidly urbanizing within the study?
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Africa |
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African people tend to have child more than any other countries.
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Africa is experiencing rapid urbanization but suffers from a lack of sufficient research and data in the field of urban ecology compared to other regions.
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| 13 |
What significant bias is present in the study of urban ecology in Africa?
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Focus on wealthy nations |
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South Africa alone accounting for almost 40% of all published papers, reflecting concentration in a relatively wealthier African nation.
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This economic bias is favoring wealthier countries over poorer ones, which limits understanding of urban ecology across the entire continent.
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| 14 |
What factor did the study NOT find influencing research efforts in African urban ecology?
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Urbanization intensity |
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The study only shows GDP and size and conservation status of ecoregions.
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Rapid urbanization and population growth were not directly linked to where research was conducted or published.
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7 |
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| 15 |
Which method was used to gather data for the study?
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Literature review and bibliographic searches |
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The researchers conducted a systematic review or bibliometric analysis by collecting and analyzing existing scientific publications instead of than collecting new field data.
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| 16 |
What does the study suggest is needed for urban ecology research in Africa?
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A realignment of research priorities |
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We need a realignment and other countries' information for accuracy.
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A realignment will direct more effort and resources toward underrepresented countries, ecological zones, and research areas to address current biases and knowledge gaps.
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| 17 |
Which country was mentioned as having the majority of the studies?
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South Africa |
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The country mentioned as having the majority of the studies is South Africa.
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According to the study, South Africa accounts for almost 40% of all published papers on African urban ecology.
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| 18 |
How did the study categorize the geographic biases in research?
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Unevenly distributed |
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This showed important mismatches and gaps in the geographic spread of urban ecology research across Africa.
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This shows a clustered, non-random pattern driven by factors like economic capacity and conservation priorities.
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| 19 |
What is a key recommendation from the study for improving urban ecology research in Africa?
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Encourage transnational collaborations |
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It will increase efforts in underrepresented countries and regions through enhanced transnational collaboration.
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This is about broadening the geographic scope beyond wealthier countries like South Africa, filling knowledge gaps in taxonomy and scientific fields, and aligning research priorities.
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| 20 |
According to the study, what impacts the number of publications in African urban ecology?
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The GDP of the countries |
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They might have more answer in this field.
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Countries with higher GDP tend to have more research output in this field. This reflects an economic bias where wealthier nations like South Africa produce a larger share of the scientific studies on urban ecology.
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