| 1 |
What type of learning is discussed in relation to newborn infants in the context of sound sequences?
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Operant conditioning |
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| 2 |
What experimental method was used to study the infants?
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Behavioral observation |
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| 3 |
What was used to induce a beat in sound sequences during the study?
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Visual stimuli |
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| 4 |
What is a key outcome of beat perception studies in newborns?
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Difficulty in differentiating sounds |
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| 5 |
What does the mismatch response (MMR) indicate in newborn infants?
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Regularity violation detection |
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| 6 |
What aspect of the sound was manipulated to test beat perception separately from statistical learning?
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Timing (isochronous vs. jittered) |
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| 7 |
According to the study, why is the detection of a beat significant in newborns?
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It indicates a foundational musical trait |
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| 8 |
How does the article describe the relationship between statistical learning and beat processing in newborns?
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Beat processing inhibits statistical learning |
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| 9 |
Which physiological measure was primarily used to assess responses to sound sequences in the study?
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Heart rate variability |
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| 10 |
What does the presence of a clear Mismatch Response (MMR) to beat and offbeat positions in an isochronous condition suggest about newborns' auditory capabilities?
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Basic response to any auditory stimulus |
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| 11 |
What is the main focus of the cell and gene therapies article?
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Evidence-based cell and gene therapies |
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| 12 |
What does CGT stand for in the context of the article?
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Cell and Gene Therapies |
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| 13 |
What does the article caution against?
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Direct-to-consumer marketing of unproven CGTs |
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| 14 |
According to the article, what is a risk associated with unproven CGTs?
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All of the above |
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| 15 |
Which platform is mentioned for registering research that might not be credible?
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None of the above |
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| 16 |
What term is used to describe items that make unproven CGTs appear valid?
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Tokens of Legitimacy |
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| 17 |
What does the ISCT oppose according to the article?
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Premature commercialization of unproven CGTs |
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| 18 |
Which regulatory body is NOT mentioned in the article as a key player in CGT oversight?
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WHO |
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| 19 |
What specific role do 'tokens of legitimacy' play according to the article?
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Persuade patients of the safety and efficacy of unproven CGTs |
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| 20 |
According to the article, what is a critical measure for distinguishing evidence-based CGTs?
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Pre-marketing authorization by national regulatory bodies |
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