โจทย์ ปรนัย
What is the primary goal of using multimodal transportation in logistics as per the discussed research?

It enhances connectivity, reduces congestion on specific modes, lowers transportation costs, minimizes environmental impact, and improves overall logistics and supply chain management. One of the key advantages of multimodal transportation is its ability to leverage the strengths of different modes of transport.

One of the key advantages of multimodal transportation is its ability to leverage the strengths of different modes of transport.

โจทย์ ปรนัย
Which method is primarily used for decision-making in multimodal transportation route selection?

The transportation of beverage products from Thailand to neighboring ASEAN countries has been rising fast, especially in Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar (Department of Foreign Trade, Ministry of Commerce, Thailand 2015). Nevertheless, the main transportation routes of this product are still restricted to road transportation, though it involves with higher cost compared to rail and waterway. This paper develops a framework for route selection in multimodal transportation about the case study of beverage transportation from Thailand to Cambodia. One of the objectives is to determine the optimized route that optimizes cost, lead time, and risk in the system by using a five phases framework. The first phase is to define areas of study and identify all the related routes. The second phase is to calculate time and cost of each route. The third phase is to integrate qualitative decision making (Quantitative risk assessment) which are assessed by the experts or Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) for each criterion.

The fourth phase is to prioritize criteria by using Analytic Hierarchy Process. The final phase is to optimize the route by using the Zero-one goal programming. The results have shown that the approach can provide a guidance in choosing the optimal cost, time and risk for multimodal transportation in beverage industry effectively.

โจทย์ ปรนัย
According to the case study, what is the primary commodity considered for transportation?

In shipping terms, a "commodity" refers to a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold. It is a generic term used to describe goods that are traded in bulk and are interchangeable with other goods of the same type.

Common examples of commodities in shipping include grains, ores, coal, oil, and various other raw materials.

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What is the role of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the multimodal transportation decision support model?

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) provides a mathematical model that helps the decision makers arrive at the most logical choice, based on their preferences.

An AHP hierarchy is a structured means of modeling the decision at hand. It consists of an overall goal, a group of options or alternatives for reaching the goal, and a group of factors or criteria that relate the alternatives to the goal.

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Which risk is NOT considered in the list of risks assessed for multimodal transportation route selection?

The financial risk refers to financial crisis, fierce competition in the logistics sector and unattractive markets

According to the journal form https://www.thaiscience.info

โจทย์ ปรนัย
What does ZOGP stand for, and what is its role in the model?

Zero-one goal programming. The results have shown that the approach can provide a guidance in choosing the optimal cost, time and risk for multimodal transportation in beverage industry effectively.

According to the journal form https://www.thaiscience.info

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Which of the following is NOT a mode of transport discussed in the multimodal transportation case study?

These are the four major modes of transport (or types) in the logistics industry. Which method you use will depend on what you're shipping, where you're shipping from and where you're shipping to.

The different modes of transport include air, water, and land transport, which includes rails or railways, road and off-road transport. Other modes of transport also exist, including pipelines, cable transport, and space transport.

โจทย์ ปรนัย
In the context of the AHP used in the study, what does a consistency ratio (CR) less than 0.1 indicate?

A CR value lower than 0.10 indicates that there is consistency in the pairwise comparison and that the obtained weights can be considered as reliable

The consistency ratio (CR) is calculated using the formula, CR = CI/RI

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What is the primary purpose of sensitivity analysis in the context of the ZOGP model used in the study?

The main goal of sensitivity analysis is to help organizations uncover potentially overlooked financial vulnerabilities.

According to the research article from MUT Journal of Business Administration.

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Which of the following best describes the role of multimodal transportation in global trade according to the study?

Multimodal is a transportation term. Multimodal transportation includes public transportation, rail and waterways, bicycle and pedestrian. Multimodal access supports the needs of all users whether they choose to walk, bike, use transit or drive. It means more connections and more choices.

According to the journal form https://www.tn.gov

โจทย์ ปรนัย
What is the main natural cause of landslides along the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway?

Steep slopes — from the hill cutting —gradually widen fractures on the hills. Water is accumulated in these fractures, resulting in landslides. When components of a hill are cut down, joints of stones and soil — not firmly fixed to each other — separate and subsequently collapse during heavy rain.

The landslides usually occur during rainy seasons as the water is commonly the primary factor triggering landslides. Slides often occur following intense rainfall, when storm water runoff saturates soils on steep slopes or when infiltration causes a rapid rise in groundwater levels.

โจทย์ ปรนัย
According to the article, what technology is used to assess landslide-prone areas along the highway?

Remote sensing techniques have been widely used for landslide detection and monitoring because they provide large-scale, high-resolution, and multi-temporal data on various factors influencing landslide occurrence.

Measuring landslide movement using an extensometer, an instrument that can detect movement of the ground surface between stable ground and sliding ground.

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What is the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and underground water level mentioned in the study?

Surface water increases the supply of groundwater after precipitation and/or snowmelt.

Surface water eliminates harmful chemicals from the groundwater supply.

โจทย์ ปรนัย
How is the threshold value for landslide triggering determined as per the study?

Three physical factors-past history, slope steepness, and bedrock-are the minimum components necessary to assess landslide hazards.

From the threshold curve of the ID method below, the equation I = 1.785D-0.305 is obtained, where I is the intensity that can trigger landslides and D is the duration of rain needed to trigger the landslides.

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If the mean monthly rainfall in April is 150 mm and it increases by 20% in May, what is the mean monthly rainfall in May?

Monthly precipitation is calculated by summing the daily precipitation for each month. All monthly amounts are then summed and divided by the number of months used in the period (years) selected.

150*120 % = 180 mm

โจทย์ ปรนัย
Given that the slope angle in a studied section is 45 degrees and the friction angle (phi) is 11 degrees, what is the ratio of friction angle to slope angle?

Slope stability refers to the condition that an inclined slope can withstand its own weight and external forces without experiencing displacement. Slope stability uses principles of soil/rock mechanics, geotechnical engineering and engineering geology.

11/45 = 0.24

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If the specific gravity of soil is 2.74 and the natural density is 1.69 kg/cm³, what is the approximate weight of 1 cubic meter of soil?

Using the formula p=m/v to calculate.

1.69*1000 = 1690 Kg

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Assuming that the direct shear of soil is 0.05 kg/cm², how much shear force is exerted on a 10 cm x 10 cm area?

Using the formula S = C + σ tanϕ to calculate.

0.05*10*10 = 5 Kg

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If the rate of land surface temperature change is 0.1°C per year starting at 24.94°C in 2020, what will be the LST in 2024?

The temperature will be increased 0.1 °C per year

In 2021 the temperature will be 24.94+0.1 = 25.04 , In 2022 the temperature will be 25.04+0.1 = 25.14 , In 2023 the temperature will be 25.14+0.1 = 25.24 , In 2024 the temperature will be 25.24+0.1 = 25.34 °C

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What method does the study use to forecast future landslides?

To be able to predict landslides, scientists have developed slope stability models to analyze the risk locally. More recently, NASA has created a preliminary algorithm to map landslide hazards globally using satellite measurements of rainfall, land cover and other surface variables.

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