| 1 |
What percentage of the PCPs examined contained UV filters?
|
58% |
|
In the study as seen in 3.4 (UV filters in personal care products) of the Results and discussion heading.It implies that 58 percent of UV filters are contained in PCP's inspected.Which it was shown to be 88 percent of skincare products, more commonly sunscreens, and 75 percent in makeup products.However none was present in rinse-off products.
|
No sunscreens could have been found in rinse off products commonly due to the short contact time to the skin(eg. body soaps rinsed off immediately after application).Suncreen in one of the major PCP's in skincare.Due to having to protect the skin from UV rays.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 2 |
Which of the following is NOT a category of PCPs mentioned in the study?
|
Hair care products |
|
It can be seen in the abstract of the scientific journal that haircare is not one of the PCP's examined
|
There were only a total of 185 PCP's examined therefore a small sample size.This means not all types of PCP's would have been found..
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 3 |
Which ingredient is commonly used as a preservative in PCPs?
|
Phenoxyethanol |
|
In the study as seen in 3.3 (Preservatives in personal care products) of the Results and discussion heading and in Table 3.That Phenoxyethanol is the most common preservative with a total of 47.8 percent included in PCP's.
|
Preservatives is commonly used in PCP's to many advantages such as to to prevent microbial growth , to maintain the products integrity(eg. its texture and colour over time) and increase its shell life so that the PCP's could be kept for longer.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 4 |
What was the primary aim of the study discussed in the article?
|
To investigate the presence of toxic chemical ingredients in PCPs |
|
The aim could be concluded in the abstract that the study aims to investigate the presences of toxic chemical ingredeints of PCP's in South Africa by examining product labels.
|
The total PCP's examined is 185 which could be seen as a small sample size for a typical study.However toxic chemical ingredients were already found.This shows the lack of regulations in PCP labelling and how it may affect consumers and the enviroment.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 5 |
Which of the following fragrances is considered a weak allergen but found frequently in PCPs?
|
All of the above |
|
In the abstract it says that the most common identified fragrances were limonene which are considered weak allergen . But only Alpha-Isomethyl-Ionone and Butylphenyl Methylpropional are ones that were restricted by the IFRA but found present.
|
It could be concluded that the most common identified fragrances were limonene , linalool , coumarin , hexylcinnamal which are considered weak allergens . But only Alpha-Isomethyl-Ionone and Butylphenyl Methylpropional are ones that were restricted by the IFRA but found present in the 25 PCP's found in South Africa.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 6 |
What does the term 'emerging pollutants' refer to in the context of the study?
|
Pollutants that have recently been discovered and may not degrade easily |
|
In the abstract we can conclude that emerging pollutants in the context refers to the pollutants that causes growing concern due to the inability to degrade easily.
|
As emerging pollutants are unable to degrade easily.This means that there could be a higer level of build up of toxic pollutants accumulating into tissues of living organisms and the enviroment such as soil, water and air.Leading to ecological damage in the long run.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 7 |
What percentage of skin care products examined contained fragrances?
|
70% |
|
This can be seen in Table 1 that approximately 70 percent of skincare products contained fragrances.
|
Fragrances are used to mask smells of some ingredients or to provide a pleasant odour to the consumer.However there are also major disadvantages.Such as its contribution to contaminate aquatic ecosystems, endocrine disruption and toxicity.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 8 |
According to the study, which substance is toxic to aquatic life and can affect fertility?
|
Alpha-isomethyl ionone |
|
This can be seen in 3.2 in the results and discussion heading that Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone is toxic to aquatic life.
|
Fragrances are used to mask smells of some ingredients or to provide a pleasant odour to the consumer.However there are also major disadvantages.Such as its contribution to contaminate aquatic ecosystems due to a high level of product release to to oceans and seas or runoff.It can cause fertility due to its endocrine disruption and health issues to the offsprings.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 9 |
Based on the study, which regulatory action is recommended due to the detection of harmful ingredients in PCPs despite their ban?
|
More stringent regulations on product labelling and testing |
|
It can be seen in the conclusion that the regulatory action recommended is to have more strict regulations on product labelling and testing
|
By having more strict regulations on product labelling and testing.This would allow PCP's to follow enviromental regulations and prvide accurate and useful information to consumers about the products they use.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 10 |
What are the potential health risks associated with chemicals in PCPs as mentioned in the study?
|
Both 1 and 2 |
|
As mentioned in the introduction it could be concluded that both Potential endocrine disruption and Exhibition of estrogenic activity are the two health risks associated.
|
Potential endocrine disruption could be caused from PCP's by interfering with the body's hormones such as phthalates, Parabens , UV filters. Exhibition of Oestrogenic activity could also become a risk.For example interfering with the hormone Oestrogen by Parabens mimicking Oestrogen's chemical structure and binds to estrogen receptors in the body.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 11 |
What is the primary purpose of Process Analytical Technology (PAT)?
|
To monitor process parameters and product quality attributes. |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 12 |
Which technology is often combined with reliable in-line sensors to enhance PAT systems?
|
Multivariate Statistical Methods (MSMs). |
|
Could be seen in the abstract.
|
By combining these could provide more in depth knowledge of the powdered and granule products.Allowing us to see large sets of data and have better control of prcesses.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 13 |
What does data fusion primarily help improve in PAT systems?
|
Increase performance and robustness of models. |
|
As seen in the abstract.
|
Data fusion can help improve PAT systems performances and generate a more accurate knowledge and improve accuracy by combining data from various types of sources.By combining data from different ranges of sources allows the system to predict more accurate models and could allow us to see potential issues before they really occur.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 14 |
Which is NOT a listed advantage of continuous processing of powdered and granule products?
|
Decreased safety standards. |
|
Only improved productivity , enhanced product quality and increase finanical services is mention as a advantage in the Introduction of the scientific paper .
|
Decreasing safety standards in definitely a disadvantage and not an advantage.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 15 |
Which of the following is considered a Critical Quality Attribute (CQA) for powdered and granule products?
|
Particle size. |
|
Key CQA include : homogeneity in powder mixtures , particle size , powder flowability and moisture content , bulk density and particle strength and hardness , morphological forms ect.
|
For many powdered and granule products the primary concerns tend to be more in functionality than sensory attributes.Furthermore these sensory attributes such as color consistency , taste and smell are often not as noticable as it would be blended with other ingredients before product formulations .
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 16 |
What does the integration of multiple unit operations in one production system characterize?
|
Batch processing. |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 17 |
What challenge does the article highlight about handling granular materials?
|
Hindered by complex material attributes. |
|
As seen in the monitoring of powdered and granules materials using PAT tools heading
|
Start ups efficiency of powdered processes are largely lower than others.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 18 |
Which approach is specifically mentioned as useful for handling large analytical datasets in continuous processes?
|
Data fusion. |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 19 |
What does the future perspective section suggest about the integration of PAT and multi-sensor data fusion
|
It holds potential for enhancing real-time monitoring and control systems. |
|
As seen in the conclusion the PAT and multi-sensor data fusion would have Potential For Enhancing Real-Time Monitoring And Control Systems.
|
This would improve the models performance and address lots of different CQA's and allowing real time monitoring to happen.
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|
| 20 |
Which technique is mentioned as crucial for designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing through monitoring?
|
Multivariate Statistical Methods (MSMs). |
|
|
|
7 |
-.50
-.25
+.25
เต็ม
0
-35%
+30%
+35%
|