| 1 |
What is the primary focus of the paper?
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Case investigation and contact tracing for COVID-19 |
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Case investigation and contact tracing (CI/CT) are longstanding public health measures
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World Health Organization (WHO) Operational guide for engaging communities in contact tracing
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| 2 |
What is the purpose of case investigation in the context of COVID-19?
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mitigate the spread of infectious diseases and were a critical part of the public health response to COVID-19
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CDC . 2022. Case investigation and contact tracing: Part of a multipronged approach to fight the COVID-19 pandemic
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| 3 |
What is contact tracing, as defined in the paper?
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Notifying close contacts of potential exposure |
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respondents were routed as cases if they self-reported ever testing positive for COVID-19, regardless of close contact with someone who had COVID-19; respondents were routed as contacts if they only reported close contact with someone who had COVID-19 and had not tested positive for COVID-19. The survey sample was drawn from the Ipsos KnowledgePanel.
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Ipsos . 2022. KnowledgePanel—a methodological overview
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| 4 |
Why did health departments face challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic?
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Inadequate funding |
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lacked resources to provide CI/CT to all cases and contacts, especially during surges of high COVID-19 incidence
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| 5 |
Essay | Examine the variations in individuals' experiences with CI/CT for COVID-19 based on demographic characteristics. How do factors such as age, race, ethnicity, income, and political ideology influence these experiences?
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The challenges of contact tracing as U.S. battles COVID-19
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| 6 |
What is the primary concern raised by the authors regarding the state of knowledge in African urban ecology?
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Inadequate focus on community ecology |
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| 7 |
What significant predictors did the study investigate regarding the number of publications on African urban ecology?
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Human population density and GDP |
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based on the scientific reasoning of geographic focus areas of particular interest, we could predict a positive association of the number of publications on this topic in those countries currently more urbanized or with the highest rate of urban expansion
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1.The provincial pattern of the relationship between urbanization and economic development in China
2.Urbanization and economic development: A bias toward large cities?
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| 8 |
In terms of research scale, where were the majority of the studies conducted according to the study?
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Global level |
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| 9 |
What methodological approach did the authors use to conduct the literature search in this study?
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Systematic literature review |
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| 10 |
Essay | Examine the key factors contributing to the lack of knowledge and research gaps in African urban ecology, as highlighted in the literature review. Discuss the potential implications of this knowledge gap and propose strategies to address and advance research in this field.
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| 11 |
According to the literature search, what are the four key formulations through which acceptability has been defined or conceptualized?
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Diagnostic accuracy, user satisfaction, workflow optimization, integration feasibility |
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| 12 |
Which academic databases were included in the search strategy for the scoping review on the acceptability of AI in medical imaging domains?
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ACM Digital Library, BioMed Central, ProQuest, Wiley Online Library |
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| 13 |
What were the criteria for inclusion and exclusion of publications in the scoping review?
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Studies had to be retrospective in design, and those about AI integration into clinical education were excluded. |
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| 14 |
How many studies were included in the scoping review, and which aspect of AI acceptability did the majority of these studies focus on?
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31 studies; retrospective analysis |
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Overall, 31 articles were deemed appropriate for inclusion in the scoping review.
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| 15 |
Essay | Explain the concept of acceptability in the context of AI in medical imaging. Outline the key dimensions through which acceptability has been conceptualized in past studies and why a scoping review considered multiple formulations. Additionally, discuss the importance of considering end-user perspectives in the evaluation of AI acceptability.
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Increasing AI acceptability among medical professionals will critically require designing human-centred AI systems which go beyond high algorithmic performance to consider accessibility to users with varying degrees of AI literacy, clinical workflow practices, the institutional and deployment context, and the cultural, ethical, and safety norms of healthcare professions |
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| 16 |
What is workplace violence (WPV) in healthcare?
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Strictly limited to bullying incidents |
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a significant issue in healthcare
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World Health Organization (WHO)
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| 17 |
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the impact of WPV on healthcare workers?
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Range from unnoticeable effects to fatality |
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The identified WPV risk factors included intoxicated patients, staff stress, feeling of inadequacy resulting in self-protection, more vulnerable practitioners, working in radiation therapy treatment room, emergency department, examination room, general radiography, public hospital, and non-examination and waiting areas, long patient waiting time, night shift, overcrowding environment, unable to meet patients'/family members' expectations, miscommunication, patient handling, inadequate staff and security measures, interaction with colleagues, and lone working.
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| 18 |
Why is there a need for a systematic review on WPV in medical radiation science (MRS)?
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Existing reviews cover all healthcare professions comprehensively |
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| 19 |
What databases were used for the literature search in the systematic review on WPV in MRS?
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EBSCOhost/CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Wiley Online Library |
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To facilitate comparisons of the WPV prevalence and relative importance of individual risk factors across the included studies, their reported absolute figures of findings were used to synthesize respective percentages (if not stated)
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| 20 |
Essay | Workplace Violence (WPV) in Healthcare. Please explain the impacts and research gaps.
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The WPV risk in diagnostic radiography and radiation therapy appears extremely high as a result of the aforementioned risk factors. Nevertheless, these study findings should be used with caution due to potential non-response bias. |
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A WPV policy should be developed in every clinical workplace. Even if such policy is available, its enforcement including policy awareness boosting, and encouraging incident reporting and support seeking will be essential for reducing WPV.
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